As we have seen from discussions on chiplets and their routing standards in substrates, many of the routing techniques used in PCBs also apply in packaging. Microstrip and stripline structures can both be used in IC substrates, and the design approach is basically the same as in PCBs. This routing is fine for the majority of digital interfaces, but when we get to wideband … [Read more...]
Navigating Signal Integrity in Chiplet Designs
As the semiconductor industry embraces the chiplet design approach, electrical engineers are witnessing a significant shift in how performance, cost efficiency, and scalability are achieved. While this modular design philosophy offers advantages, it also introduces challenges to signal integrity (SI). For EMI/EMC engineers, the awareness of these signal integrity challenges is … [Read more...]
Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Applications
This is Part 4 in a series of articles which review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight some of the recent advances and instrument form-factors. Read Part 1, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types, here. Read Part 2, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Definitions, here. Read Part 3, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum … [Read more...]
Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Advantages of Swept Versus Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers
This is Part 3 in a series of articles which review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight some of the recent advances and instrument form-factors. Read Part 1, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types, here. Read Part 2, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Definitions, here. Swept spectrum analyzers are simpler and … [Read more...]
Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Definitions
This is Part 2 in a series of articles which review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight some of the recent advances and instrument form-factors. Read Part 1, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types, here. Introduction There are several terms that are important when evaluating real-time spectrum analyzers. Some of these … [Read more...]
Plugging into a Power Source 93 Million Miles Away
Harwin Gecko-MT 1.25mm pitch Mixed Layout Connectors Connect with confidence with Harwin’s Gecko-MT range; the smallest and lightest mixed-layout connector available for high-reliability applications. The Gecko-MT range combines the 1.25mm pitch Gecko signal connector system with mixed technology layouts, which adds 10A power contacts to the range, providing additional … [Read more...]
An Isotropic Probe for Radiated Susceptibility Measurements from 10kHz to 18GHz and 5V/m to 220V/m
Abstract: Isotropic probes are available for radiated susceptibility test level measurements from 100kHz to 6GHz, 2MHz to 18GHz, 2MHz to 40GHz and 2MHz to 60GHz. For MIL-STD-461 and DO-160 testing a frequency range of 10kHz to 18GHz would be better and a possible solution is presented here. Introduction The probe described in this paper has three separate sections, … [Read more...]
EMC Confidence Checking
I was recently working with a manufacturer of stand-alone ticket machines, who had big problems with Ethernet-related emissions. Long story short – it was the Ethernet hub they had incorporated in their machine. They had assumed that all CE-marked Ethernet hubs would be equally good for EMC, and they had several different types lying around their design department. We tested … [Read more...]
Mains Harmonic Current Emissions are Always Bad – It is Risky to Rely on the Limits or Exclusions in the Standards
Many (perhaps all) of EMC standards that are listed under the EMC Directive, that set limits for mains harmonic emissions, have exclusions (‘let-outs’) for certain types of equipment, especially: (these examples are from IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Ed.5:2018) Lighting equipment with a rated power of less than but not equal to 5W Equipment with a rated power of 75W or less, e.g. … [Read more...]
Key Points to Remember While Choosing PCB Assembly Company
Once you have designed a PCB and have completed everything that needs to be done before the assembly process, you would require a PCB assembly company to assemble your PCB without any problems. After all, you've been working considerably hard to assemble the layout and the design of the PCB. You would want to be convinced that your PCB gets well-assembled. To ensure that the … [Read more...]
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