This is Part 4 in a series of articles which review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight some of the recent advances and instrument form-factors. Read Part 1, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types, here. Read Part 2, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Definitions, here. Read Part 3, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum … [Read more...]
Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Advantages of Swept Versus Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers
This is Part 3 in a series of articles which review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight some of the recent advances and instrument form-factors. Read Part 1, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types, here. Read Part 2, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Definitions, here. Swept spectrum analyzers are simpler and … [Read more...]
Can 5G Sites Be Good Neighbors?
Baseball Hall of Famer Yogi Berra was notable for his skill on the field and was equally notable for many of his quotes. “Yogi-isms” were things he often said that were both amusing and insightful. Referring to a popular restaurant, he said, “Nobody goes there anymore; it’s too crowded.” Sounds like a contradiction, but it’s easy to follow his meaning. Customers chose not to … [Read more...]
Drag Races, a Cashless Society, and the Threat of EMP
About a month ago, my 12-year-old son and I made his first-ever trip to the NHRA Drag Races near our home. It’s something that I always did with my dad, and I have looked forward to taking him ever since he was born. It’s a typical father-and-son day, wrought with loud, fast cars, terrible food, and the occasional waft of nitromethane fuel in the air. The drive is about … [Read more...]
Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Definitions
This is Part 2 in a series of articles which review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight some of the recent advances and instrument form-factors. Read Part 1, Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types, here. Introduction There are several terms that are important when evaluating real-time spectrum analyzers. Some of these … [Read more...]
Advantages of Using a Pre-Certified Radio Frequency Module in an IoT Application
Learn the benefits of using a pre-certified radio frequency (RF) module in the design phase when building a new IoT application, and learn the implications in EMC and Radio certifications. The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the quantity and manner in which we exchange and store information. Historically, people exchanged information through reading and … [Read more...]
Guide to Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers: Types
Introduction The spectrum analyzer is the one “go-to” tool for every RF, microwave, and EMC/EMI engineer. In recent years, a new acquisition technology has developed, based on FFT capture and digital signal processing – the real-time (RT) spectrum analyzer. This series of articles will review the basics of conventional swept versus real-time spectrum analyzers and highlight … [Read more...]
Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS) of Radio Systems Due to Antenna to Antenna Coupling on an Aircraft
Although specifically dealing with aircraft systems, the methods described in this article are applicable for other platforms where a number of antennas are in close proximity. The number of antennas in use and in close proximity on mission specific aircraft are as many as 22 on a small search and rescue aircraft. ANALYSIS METHODS The methods of coupling analysis include … [Read more...]
5 Ways to Eliminate Ground Loops — Part 2
As we discussed in Part 1, Ground Loops, while often not obvious, can be a significant source of frustration for system operators and integrators. This phenomenon manifests as unwanted electrical noise – audible hums in speakers, jitter on screens, noisy measurements, and bad measurement data – and it can even lead to unexpected communications loss and equipment … [Read more...]
Filter Installation Issues: Input and Output Conductors
Real-life filter performance is totally dependant on how they are installed, especially on the impedance of the RF Reference and the impedance of the method used to electrically bond the filter to its RF Reference. Not only should these impedances be much lower than that of the shunt capacitors in the filters, they should also allow the internal and external CM surface currents … [Read more...]
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