In this article, I’ll describe the steps I usually take to troubleshoot the top four EMI issues, conducted emissions, radiated emissions, radiated immunity, and electrostatic discharge. Of these, the last three are the most prevalent issues, with radiated emissions typically being the number one failure. If your product or system (EUT) has adequate power and I/O port filtering, … [Read more...]
Review of IEC 60601-1-2: 2014 (4th Edition)
Introduction IEC 60601-1-2:2014 Edition 4 was published February 2014 and replaces IEC 60601-1-2 Edition 3 published on 2007. It pertains to EMC for medical electrical equipment and medical electrical systems. The European version (EN60601-1-2:2015) is identical to its IEC counterpart with exception of references to the EN versions of the 61000-4-x series and the addition of … [Read more...]
Requirements of CISPR 16-1-1 Test Receivers, Spectrum Analyzers and FFT-Based Measuring Instruments
Stephan Braun, Arnd Frech GAUSS INSTRUMENTS GmbH, Munich, Germany I. INTRODUCTION With the expansion of the generic standard CISPR 16-1-1 to include spectrum analyzers and the “FFT-based measuring instrument”, the floodgates have been opened for a change in technology. The use of the spectrum analyzer for EMC measurements was included into the generic standard to be able to … [Read more...]
The Effects of the New ESD Standard on ESD Simulators
Bruno Straumann, Senior Development Engineer,Haefely Test AG Basel, Switzerland. INTRODUCTION The new IEC 61000-4-2 Edition 2 standard, which replaces IEC 61000-4-2 Edition 1 1995, was initially announced in December 2008. Based on the revised IEC standard, the identical European standard EN 61000-4-2:2009 was also released. The new EN standard can already be applied for ESD … [Read more...]
EMC at IC Level – Part 1: Pulse Immunity of ICs in Different Packages
Note: The below article has been translated from German and can be found in its original language in the 2011 EMC Europe Guide. Part 2 of this article can be found here. Sven König, Langer EMV-Technik GmbH, Bannewitz, Germany INTRODUCTION Nowadays, micro-controllers are omnipresent. Whether in MP3 players, mobile phones, washing machines or cars, the small controllers … [Read more...]
A Change in International EMC Legislation: Do Industrial Premises Become Outlawed?
During the last few years, many new EMC standards have been adopted; however, more and more standards are outside the scope of formal EMC legislation. The recent change in scope of IEC ACEC, CISPR and the new European EMC Directive creates new challenges for industry, as their focus will be aimed at the protection of the general broadcasting and communication services and of … [Read more...]
JEDEC and Tape & Reel Issues
This article is the second part of “The Dip Tube,” which appeared in May in the 2010 Interference Technology EMC Directory & Design Guide. A digital version is available at www.interferencetechnology.com. Over the past several years, both European- and U.S.-based organizations have sacrificed the traditional “internal auditing process” with over reliance on … [Read more...]
European EMC Directives
The United Kingdom’s interpretation of European EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and the policy and structure of the policing and enforcement of the UK EMC Regulations Graham Mays ABSTRACT This article initially describes the concept of European Directives and their legal status. It then discusses the European EMC Directive 2004/108/EC [EMCD] and how the United Kingdom interprets … [Read more...]
