Introduction To start at the very beginning, what is an electrical filter? An electrical filter can be passive, active, analog, or digital. It is a device usually composed of discrete components which can be placed between circuits, networks, or equipment/systems to either emphasize, de-emphasize or control the frequency components of a desired or undesired signal. The term … [Read more...]
Good SI, PI and EMC require this most of all…
Good SI, PI and EMC require a proper, grown-up understanding of electricity... Instead of what circuit designers are taught! As electronic designers, we were taught the children’s version of electricity at school, college, university, etc. This is the version that pretends (just as the SPICE simulator does) that electricity flows as little packets of charge totally inside … [Read more...]
Plugging into a Power Source 93 Million Miles Away
Harwin Gecko-MT 1.25mm pitch Mixed Layout Connectors Connect with confidence with Harwin’s Gecko-MT range; the smallest and lightest mixed-layout connector available for high-reliability applications. The Gecko-MT range combines the 1.25mm pitch Gecko signal connector system with mixed technology layouts, which adds 10A power contacts to the range, providing additional … [Read more...]
An Isotropic Probe for Radiated Susceptibility Measurements from 10kHz to 18GHz and 5V/m to 220V/m
Abstract: Isotropic probes are available for radiated susceptibility test level measurements from 100kHz to 6GHz, 2MHz to 18GHz, 2MHz to 40GHz and 2MHz to 60GHz. For MIL-STD-461 and DO-160 testing a frequency range of 10kHz to 18GHz would be better and a possible solution is presented here. Introduction The probe described in this paper has three separate sections, … [Read more...]
Functional Safety, Risk Management, EMC and EMI
What is Functional Safety? The safety of products, systems and installations can be split into two parts: i) ‘Basic’ safety: electric shock, excessive temperatures, excessive radiation, fire, explosion, implosion, bruising, pinching, crushing, cutting, emissions of toxic fumes, etc. ii) ‘Functional’ safety: when things being controlled don’t function correctly … [Read more...]
EMC Confidence Checking
I was recently working with a manufacturer of stand-alone ticket machines, who had big problems with Ethernet-related emissions. Long story short – it was the Ethernet hub they had incorporated in their machine. They had assumed that all CE-marked Ethernet hubs would be equally good for EMC, and they had several different types lying around their design department. We tested … [Read more...]
Mains Harmonic Current Emissions are Always Bad – It is Risky to Rely on the Limits or Exclusions in the Standards
Many (perhaps all) of EMC standards that are listed under the EMC Directive, that set limits for mains harmonic emissions, have exclusions (‘let-outs’) for certain types of equipment, especially: (these examples are from IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Ed.5:2018) Lighting equipment with a rated power of less than but not equal to 5W Equipment with a rated power of 75W or less, e.g. … [Read more...]
Key Points to Remember While Choosing PCB Assembly Company
Once you have designed a PCB and have completed everything that needs to be done before the assembly process, you would require a PCB assembly company to assemble your PCB without any problems. After all, you've been working considerably hard to assemble the layout and the design of the PCB. You would want to be convinced that your PCB gets well-assembled. To ensure that the … [Read more...]
Review: EMI Devices Harmonic Comb Generator
Harmonic comb generators are handy tools for validating open area test sites or semi-anechoic chambers and I've written extensively on how to use these for various other applications (see References). Harmonic comb generators produce a range of narrow band harmonics that are typically very stable in amplitude and frequency. One of the major uses is to position one in place … [Read more...]
Cadence Announces Full DRAM Verification Solution for Automotive, Data Center, and Mobile Applications
SAN JOSE, Calif.— Cadence Design Systems, Inc. (Nasdaq: CDNS) today announced a new DRAM verification solution, allowing customers to test and optimize system-on-chip (SoC) designs for data center, consumer, mobile and automotive applications. Using the full DRAM verification solution, which delivers up to 10X increased verification throughput, customers can quickly and … [Read more...]
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